Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)

Etiology

  • multifactorial & polygenic

  • excessive androgen production by ovaries

Pathology

  • ovaries are enlarged

  • stroma increased

  • capsule thickened & pearly white in colour

  • presence of multiple follicular cysts (2-9mm in diameter)

Diagnosis

Presence any two of three of Rotterdam criteria [ASRM / ESHRE, 2003]:

  1. Clinical - oligomenorrhea, hirsutism, overweight/obese

  2. Biochemical - hyperandrogenism

  3. Imaging - multiple cysts in the ovary (≥ 12 follicles)