tags:
- o&g/gynaeEndometriosis
Definition
Presence of functioning endometrium (glands and stroma) in sites other than uterine mucosa.
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endometriosis is a disease of contrast
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it is benign but it is locally invasive, disseminates widely
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cyclic hormones stimulate growth but continuous hormones suppress it
Epidemiology
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prevalence - 10%
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highest among infertile women (30-40%)
Risk factor
Sites
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Abdominal
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Extra-abdominal
Symptoms
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Asymptomatic 25%
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Dysmenorrhea 70%
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Abnormal menstruation 20% - menorrhagia, polymenorrhea or epimenorrhea
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Infertility 40-60%
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Subfertility
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Dyspareunia 20-40%
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Chronic pelvic pain - varies from pelvic discomfort to lower abdominal pain or backache
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Other symptoms:
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Dysuria
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Dyschezia
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Investigations
Hysteroscopy - gun powder spots
Endometrioma
Definition
Localized form of endometriosis and are usually within the ovary.
Symptoms
*same as endometriosis
Investigations
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Ultrasound - ground glass appearance
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Hysteroscopy - chocolate cyst